Thursday, 6 March 2014
Iranian-Kurdish Music
Traditionally, there are three types of
Kurdish Classical performers - storytellers (çîrokbêj), minstrels (stranbêj)
and bards (dengbêj). There was no specific music related to the Kurdish princely
courts, and instead, music performed in night gatherings (şevbihêrk) is
considered classical. Several musical forms are found in this genre. Many songs
are epic in nature, such as the popular Lawiks which are heroic ballads
recounting the tales of Kurdish heroes such as Saladin. Heyrans are love
ballads usually expressing the melancholy of separation and unfulfilled love.
Lawje is a form of religious music and Payizoks are songs performed
specifically in autumn. Love songs, dance music, wedding and other celebratory songs
(dîlok/narînk and bend), erotic poetry and work songs are also popular.
Another style of singing that
originated as practice to recite hymns in both Zoroastrian and Islamic Sufi
faiths is Siya Cheman. This style is practiced mostly in the mountainous
subregion of Hewraman in the Hewrami dialect. However, some modern artists,
have adopted the style and blended it with other Kurdish music. Siya Cheman can
also be classified as çîrokbêj because it is often used to for storytelling.
Musical instruments include the
tembûr (tembûr, saz), biziq (bozuk), qernête (Duduk) and bilûr (Kaval) in
northern and western Kurdistan, şimşal (long flute), cûzele, kemençe and def
(frame drum) in the south and east. Zirne (wooden shawm) and dahol (drum) are
found in all parts of Kurdistan.
The most frequently used song
form has two verses with ten syllable lines. Kurdish songs (stran or goranî)
are characterized by their simple melodies, with a range of only four or five
notes. The sacred sufi music of the Yarsanî
sect (Ahleh Haqq) with its 72 meqams is thought to be one of the most authentic
and deep-rooted musical traditions in the world.
Some of the most famous classical musicians,
composers and singers of the past century from this part include Hassan Zirak
(Boukan 1921–1972) who performed and recorded more than a thousand songs,
Mohammad Mamlê (Mahabad 1925–1998) who was known for his heartwarming voice,
Abbas Kamandi (Sanandaj), Aziz Shahrokh, Hassan Darzi, Seyed Mohammad Safayi,
Osman Hawrami, Najmaddin Gholami (Sanandaj) and Mazhar Khaleqi (Sanandaj).
wikipedia
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